§ 8. З’ява радыеактыўнасці

*Самакантроль

1. α-Распад паказаны схемамі:

  • a) begin mathsize 16px style straight X presubscript Z presuperscript A space rightwards arrow straight Y presubscript Z italic minus italic 2 end presubscript presuperscript italic space A italic minus italic 4 end presuperscript space plus space He presubscript 2 presuperscript 4 end style;
  • б) begin mathsize 16px style straight U presubscript 92 presuperscript 238 space rightwards arrow space Th presubscript 90 presuperscript 234 space plus space He presubscript 2 presuperscript 4 end style;
  • в) begin mathsize 16px style straight N presubscript 7 presuperscript 14 space plus space He presubscript 2 presuperscript 4 space rightwards arrow space straight O presubscript 8 presuperscript 17 space plus space straight p presubscript 1 presuperscript 1 end style;
  • г) begin mathsize 16px style Be presubscript 4 presuperscript 9 space plus space He presubscript 2 presuperscript 4 space rightwards arrow space straight O presubscript 6 presuperscript 12 space plus space straight n presubscript 0 presuperscript 1 end style.

2. Утварэнне электронаў адбываецца ў рэакцыях:

  • a) begin mathsize 16px style Al presubscript 13 presuperscript 27 space plus space He presubscript 2 presuperscript 4 space rightwards arrow space Si presubscript 14 presuperscript 30 space plus straight H presubscript 1 presuperscript space 1 end presuperscript end style;
  • б) straight N presubscript 7 presuperscript 14 space plus straight n presubscript 0 presuperscript space 1 end presuperscript space rightwards arrow space straight C presubscript 6 presuperscript 14 space plus straight H presubscript space 1 end presubscript presuperscript 1;
  • в) begin mathsize 16px style straight n presubscript 0 presuperscript 1 space plus space straight p presubscript 1 presuperscript 1 space rightwards arrow straight e presubscript negative 1 end presubscript presuperscript 0 end style;
  • г) straight C presubscript 6 presuperscript 14 space rightwards arrow straight N presubscript 7 presuperscript space 14 end presuperscript space plus straight e presubscript negative 1 end presubscript presuperscript 0.

3. Вадарод з’яўляецца прадуктам у ядзерных рэакцыях:

  • a) begin mathsize 16px style straight N presubscript 7 presuperscript 14 space plus space He presubscript 2 presuperscript 4 space rightwards arrow space straight O presubscript 8 presuperscript 17 space plus space straight H presubscript 1 presuperscript 1 end style;
  • б) Li presubscript 3 presuperscript 7 space plus straight H presubscript 1 presuperscript space 1 end presuperscript space rightwards arrow He presubscript 2 presuperscript space 4 end presuperscript space plus space He presubscript 2 presuperscript 4;
  • в) straight H presubscript 1 presuperscript 3 space plus straight H presubscript 1 presuperscript space 2 end presuperscript space rightwards arrow He presubscript 2 presuperscript space 4 end presuperscript space plus space n presubscript straight o presuperscript 1;
  • г) Li presubscript 3 presuperscript 6 space plus space straight n presubscript 0 presuperscript 1 space rightwards arrow space He presubscript 2 presuperscript 4 space plus space straight H presubscript 1 presuperscript 3.

4. Радыенуклідамі з’яўляюцца:

  • а) 131I;
  • б) 127I;
  • в) 16O;
  • г) 226Ra.

5. Прыкладамі тэхнагенных крыніц радыеактыўнага выпраменьвання з’яўляюцца:

  • а) касмічнае выпраменьванне;
  • б) захаванне радыеактыўных адходаў;
  • в) сонечная радыяцыя;
  • г) выпрабаванне ядзернай зброі.